There are multiple different classes of anti-hypertensive medications. Within each class there are often multiple different individual medications. It is common for persons with hypertension to require two or more medications. Generally individual medications will be choosen from different classes to promote synergy in blood pressure reducation. The most common classes are:

  1. Diuretics – often refered to as “water pills” these medications promote the loss of salt and water via the kidneys
  2. Beta-blockers – reduce heart rate and force of contraction of the heart.
  3. ACE inhibitor (ACEi) / Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) – dilate arteries by reducing the effects of the hormone system renin-angiotension-aldosterone.
  4. Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) – dilate arteries and with certain types reduce heart rate and heart contractility